Ikoreshwa rya Plastiki muri Afurika ryatanze amahirwe mashya yo kugura ibikoresho fatizo by’impapuro — Ivory Board Roll, PE Coated Paper Roll, Paper Cup Fan Sheet na Bottom Roll mu masoko yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara

Kuva mu 2025, ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika byashyizeho amategeko akaze agenga ikoreshwa rya plastiki rimwe, bitanga amahirwe yo gusimbuza ibikombe by’impapuro n’ibiribwa bishya. Gupfunyika impapuro. Nk’uko bitangazwa na IndexBox, isoko ry’ibikombe n’amafunguro muri Afurika ryageze kuri toni 886K mu bicuruzwa bikoreshwa n’agaciro ka miliyari 3.2 z’amadolari mu 2024, biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 4.3 z’amadolari mu 2035 ku kigero cya 2.7% cya CAGR. Hagati aho, politiki y’Ubushinwa yo kugabanya imisoro ku bafatanyabikorwa bose 53 ba dipolomasi bo muri Afurika guhera ku ya 1 Gicurasi 2026 itanga uburyo bworohereza ubucuruzi kuIgikombe cy’impapuro zo mu Bushinwaabatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.

Nijeriya: Isoko rinini cyane ry’ibikombe by’impapuro muri Afurika rihura n’icyuho cy’ibikoresho fatizo

Nijeriya iyoboye Afurika ifite toni 143,000 z’ibikombe n’amasahani bikoreshwa buri mwaka, bingana n’isoko rya miliyoni 299 z’amadolari mu 2024. Muri Mutarama 2025, guverinoma y’igihugu yashyize mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro itegeko ribuza gukoresha ipulasitiki rimwe gusa ritwikira ibyatsi bya pulasitiki, ibikoresho n’amasanduku ya polystyrene (EPS). Leta ya Lagos yari imaze guhagarika amasanduku y’ibiribwa ya EPS muri Mutarama 2024. Iri tegeko ryatumye icyifuzo cy’ibikombe by’impapuro cyiyongeraho hafi 20-25% buri mwaka mu turere tw’ubucuruzi twa Lagos. Ariko, igihugu cya Nijeriya cyo mu gihugu Igikombe cy’impapuro kibisi Ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho buracyari buke, ahoumuzingo w’ikibaho cy’amahembe y’inzovuna Umuzingo w’impapuro upfutse PEbishingiye cyane ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ku bahanga mu by’amasoko bagamije isoko rya Nijeriya, gushaka amasoko mu batanga ibicuruzwa b’Abashinwa bemewe na FSC ndetse n’abapimwe na SGS byabaye inzira y’ingenzi yo kuringaniza ireme n’ikiguzi.

Kenya: Amabwiriza ya EPR avugurura uburyo bwo gutanga impapuro zipakiye

Gahunda yo kugenzura iplastike muri Kenya iri mu zateye imbere cyane muri Afurika. Itegeko ryo gucunga imyanda irambye (Itangazo ry’amategeko No. 176 ryo mu 2024) ryatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku ya 5 Gicurasi 2025, risaba abakora ipaki bose kubahiriza inshingano za Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Itangazo ry’amategeko No. 181 ritegeka ko ipaki ya plastike igaragaza amakuru y’abakora ipaki, amategeko ya resin n’ibipimo by’ibiyirimo bishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) uri guteza imbere icyarimwe amahame y’akarere ya DEAS 1256:2024 (amahame y’ibikombe bya plastike) na DEAS 1259:2025 (amahame y’impapuro-aluminium foil laminate), ajyanye n’ibipimo by’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi. Aya mategeko ashyiraho ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho kubahiriza amategeko agenga impapuro z’impapuro z’igikombe cy’umufanana igikombe cy’impapuro zo hasiabatanga ibicuruzwa bagomba gutanga ibyemezo by’ibiryo, raporo z’ibipimo by’uburemere n’amatangazo y’uko bishobora kongera gukoreshwa.

Afurika y’Epfo: Ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cyo gupakira impapuro muri Afurika

Afurika y’Epfo ni yo ishora imari nini cyane ku mugabane w’Afurika mu gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibikombe by’impapuro. Mu 2024, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byageze kuri toni 4.200 (16% by’ibicuruzwa byose bya Afurika), bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 9.1 z’amadolari y’Amerika, mu gihe ibicuruzwa bigera kuri toni 1.700 byoherejwe mu mahanga byageraga kuri 52% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga muri Afurika. Amabwiriza ya Afurika y’Epfo agenga EPR ashingiye kuri NEMWA, yatangiye gukoreshwa kuva muri Gicurasi 2021, ashyiraho intego zo kugarura buri mwaka ku bakora impapuro na pulasitiki. Inganda zo mu gihugu Detpak na Eco-Products zikora imiyoboro y’impapuro isanzwe, ariko icyifuzo cyo gutumiza mu mahanga cyageze kuri impapuro z’ibikapu bifite grammage nyinshina impapuro za kraft zitwikiriwe na PEikomeje kwiyongera, kuko ubushobozi bw’imbere mu gihugu budashobora guhaza ibyifuzo byo guhindura ikirango bivuye mu miyoboro ya kawa ihenze n’abakora QSR. Nk’uko Mordor Intelligence ibitangaza, isoko rya ME&A paper cups ryari rifite agaciro ka miliyoni 734.09 z’amadolari mu 2025, rikaba ryari riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyoni 956.89 z’amadolari mu 2031, aho ibikoresho bya PE-coated bifite umugabane wa 70.8% ku isoko.

Politiki y’u Bushinwa yo Kugabanya Imisoro: Moteri Nshya y’Ubucuruzi

Guhera ku ya 1 Gicurasi 2026, Ubushinwa bwongereye imisoro ku bafatanyabikorwa bose 53 ba Afurika bahagarariye ibihugu byabo. Ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa na Afurika bwageze ku kigero cya miliyari 348 z’amadolari mu 2025. Iyi politiki igabanya ikiguzi cy’ubucuruzi ku baguzi b’Abanyafurika batumiza ibikoresho fatizo by’impapuro bivuye mu Bushinwa, ibi bikaba biha ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibiciro ku masoko ya Afurika. Ku batanga ibikoresho fatizo by’impapuro by’Ubushinwa bafite uburambe bw’imyaka 19 mu gukora, icyemezo cya FSC n’inyungu ku misoro ya RCEP, Afurika irimo kuva ku “soko rishoboka” ikajya ku “soko ryiyongera ry’iterambere.”

Ibyifuzo ku bijyanye n’amasoko

Ku bijyanye no kugura ibikoresho by’impapuro bigamije amasoko ya Afurika, tekereza ku bikurikira: Ubwa mbere, gushyira imbere abatanga ibikoresho byemewe na FSC na SGS kugira ngo bahuze ibisabwa na EPR. Ubwa kabiri, uburemere bwa PE bwo gusigaho 15-18 gsm bungana n’ubugari bwa 15-18 gsm bupima imikorere yo kwirinda amazi hamwe no kugenzura ikiguzi. Icya gatatu, hitamo grammage ya board ya ivory iri mu bwoko bwa 180-350 gsm hashingiwe ku bikenerwa ku musaruro, hamwe na 280+ gsm isabwa ku bikoresho bishyushye. Icya kane, ingenzi ku gihe cyo gutwara imizigo yo mu mazi – Ubushinwa bujya ku cyambu cya Lagos butwara iminsi 28-35 naho Mombasa butwara iminsi 22-28, bisaba gutegura ububiko bw’ibikoresho mbere y’igihe.

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