He aha te momo pepa e whakamahia ana e tātou hei hanga kapu pepa?

kapu pepakāore i hangaia mai i te pepa tā noa, i te pepa tari rānei — e whakamahia ana e rātoupepa kāpeti kai-kai(e kiia ana ko te papa kapu), he rauemi pepa i hangaia mō tētahi kaupapa motuhake mō ngā āhuatanga pupuri wai, me te paninga ārai mahi hei whakarato i te ātete turuturu me te manawanui pāmahana. I roto i ngā otinga katoa e wātea ana, Kapu pania-PEkoinei te kōwhiringa hangarau tino pakari, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana puta noa i te ao, ā, koinei te hua matua i tukuna e Paperjoy. He paninga PLA, he mea hanga ki te wai Pepa PanipaniHe huarahi kē atu ēnei e pai ana ki te taiao, ā, he motuhake ā rātou whakamahinga, me ētahi herenga mahi me te tono.

Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o te Pepa Tūāpapa

Ko te paparanga o raro o te ipu he mea hanga tuatahi mai i te kounga teitei Puru Rākau Wahine, me te ranunga o ngā muka rakau ngohengohe me ngā muka rakau mārō kua whakatauritea hei whakataurite i te pakari, te pakari, me te haumaru pa-kai:

1. Te Whakatutukitanga o te Haumaru Kai

E tutuki ana i ngā ture haumaru mō ngā rauemi pa atu ki te kai a te US FDA me ngā paerewa akuaku o te ao mō ngā takai kai. Kāore he rama whakakanapa e tāpirihia ana i te wā e hangaia ana, kia haumaru ai te pa atu ki ngā inu wera me ngā inu matao me ngā momo kai.

2. Te Kaha o te Karaehe me te Hanganga

Ko te taumaha o te kapu hokohoko kei waenga i te 150gsm ki te 350gsm, ka taea te whiriwhiri i runga i te rahi o te kapu, te kaha, me te whakamahinga o te inu wera/matao. Ko tōna hanganga muka maha-paparanga e tino pakari ana i muri i te hanganga, kia mau tonu ai te āhua o te kapu, ā, kia ātete hoki ki te makuku, ki te hinga rānei i te wā e pupuri ana i ngā wai, me te mahi pono o te piko o te awhi me te hiri o raro.

3. Te Tukatuka me te Tānga

Ko tōna mata maeneene, ōrite hoki e tautoko ana i te tānga flexographic me te gravure tere-teitei me te whakaputanga tae tika. Kua arotauhia hoki mō ngā mīhini hanga kapu tere-teitei, e whakarite ana i te mahi tapahi me te miro pumau me te hua whakaputa teitei.

4. Ngā Tiwhikete Mana

Kei te wātea ā mātou hua me te tiwhikete FSC (Forest Stewardship Council), kia mōhio ai koe kei te ahu mai ngā rauemi mata penupenu i ngā ngahere tauwhiro e whakahaeretia ana me te tika. Ka tutuki i te raina hua katoa ngā whakaritenga haumaru pā kai a te FDA, me te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia ture o ngā mākete kai me te hokohoko o te ao.

Kōwhiringa Wetereo Whānui & Taupānga Kapu Taurite

He rerekē ngā taumaha o te ipu kapu, ā, he rerekē hoki ngā kaha me ngā whakamahinga. Ko ngā whiringa matua mō te whakamahinga arumoni koia ēnei:

• 150–180 karāmitaE whakamahia ana mō ngā kapu inu matao iti 6–9oz, ngā kapu wai whakakorekore me ngā kapu whakamātautau tauira, he pai mō ngā whakamahinga māmā pēnei i ngā whakaaturanga, ngā tari me ngā whakamātautau hūpāmakete. He mea hanga i te nuinga o te wā me te paninga PE kotahi-taha.
• 200–250gsmE uru ana ki ngā kapu inu paerewa 12–16oz, e kapi ana i te nuinga o ngā inu wera me te makariri rongonui tae atu ki te kawhe, te tī miraka me te houra tunutunu. Koinei te whānuitanga o ngā inu e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā mekameka kai me ngā hongere tango kai. Ko te nuinga o ngā kapu inu wera o tēnei whānuitanga he paninga PE rua-taha.
• 280–350gsm: Ka whakamahia ki ngā kapu inu rahi 20–32oz, ki ngā peere pōporo me ngā peihana hupa matotoru. He pakari ake, he pai ake te tautoko hanganga, ka taea te tu atu i ngā rahinga wai nui me ngā pupuhi o te kawe kai me te kore e rerekē te āhua, e turuturu rānei.

Te Whakataurite i ngā Otinga Paninga Ārai Matua

Kāore e taea e te pepa anake te aukati i te urunga o te wai, nō reira he mea nui ngā paninga ārai kia kore ai e turuturu. Ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā otinga matua e toru koia ēnei:

1. Kapu Pania-PE

Ko te paninga polyethylene (PE) te otinga matua me te otinga pakari i roto i te umanga kapu pepa o te ao, e wātea ana i roto i ngā momo PE kotahi-taha (mō ngā kapu inu makariri) me ngā momo PE rua-taha (mō ngā kapu inu wera). He mea nui ōna painga matua:

• Mahi pumau me te ponoKa hangaia e te paparanga PE he ārai matotoru, he ātete ki te hinu, he ātete ki te wera, he pai mō ngā inu wera neke atu i te 90℃ me ngā inu matao/hukapapa. Ka ārai i te turuturu, ā, ka pupuri i te kapu kia mārō ahakoa te roa o te pupuri wai.
• He hototahitanga tukanga tino paiHe pai rawa atu te mahi hiri wera a te PE, ā, he kaha hoki te piri ki te pepa. He tino pai te mahi tahi me ngā momo mīhini hanga kapu tere-teitei katoa, e tuku ana i te piko o te awhi me te hiri o raro me te iti o ngā reiti whakakorenga whakaputa.
• Te mahi utu paiNā te nui o ngā rauemi mata me te hangarau tukatuka kua pakari, ka pai te whakahaere i te utu whānui. He tino pai hoki te pumau o te rokiroki me te iti o ngā whakaritenga mō ngā āhuatanga whare putunga me te kawe waka, ka whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere taonga.

2. Kapu Pania-PLA

Ko te paninga waikawa polylactic (PLA) he otinga pirau-koiora, he pai mō te taiao. He mea hanga mai i ngā rauemi tipu hou pēnei i te māngaro kānga, te manioka rānei, ka taea te pirau i raro i ngā tikanga whakawairakau ahumahi motuhake. E whai ake nei ngā herenga whāinga mō te whakamahinga:

• Te pumau o te wera itiHe iti iho tōna paepae ātete wera i te PE. Ina pupurihia ngā inu wera ki runga ake i te 65℃, ka ngawari te paninga, ka rerekē te āhua, ā, ka tūpono pea te hekenga o ngā rauemi, ka pai ake ai mō ngā inu pāmahana rūma, inu makariri rānei.
• Ngā whakaritenga whakararu motuhakeKa taea anake te pirau katoa i roto i ngā whare whakakoi para ahumahi me ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 58℃ me ngā tipu moroiti motuhake. I roto i ngā taiao taiao, i ngā whenua ururua kāinga rānei, he puhoi tōna tere pirau. Nā te iti o te kapinga o ngā whare whakakoi para ahumahi i te nuinga o ngā rohe o te ao, ko te painga tūturu mō te taiao e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tautoko i ngā pūnaha tukatuka para.
• Te utu teitei ake me ngā whakaritenga tukangaHe nui ake ngā utu mō ngā rauemi mata me te tukatuka i te pepa pania ki te PE. Ko tōna hototahi ki ngā mīhini hanga kapu tere-rahi e pā ana ki te hiri me te whakapiko he iti iho i te PE, me nui ake te whakatikatika whakaputa. Hei tāpiri, he tairongo ki te makuku me te wera, ā, he poto ake te wā e ora ai.

3. Kapu Pania-Wai

Ko te paninga wai he otinga kore-kirihou e whakakapi ana i ngā paninga kirihou ki ngā ārai pūmua wai, kua whakaritea kia whakaitihia te kirihou me te ngāwari ki te hangarua. Kei te wāhanga whanaketanga tonu te hangarau, me ēnei herenga tono:

• He ngoikore te mahi āraiHe ngoikore ake ōna āhuatanga ā-wai, ā-hinu, ā-wera hoki i te paninga PE. Ina pupurihia ngā inu wera, ngā inu hinuhinu, huka rānei mō te wā roa, ka makuku te tinana o te kapu, ā, ka turuturu pea te taha o te kapu.
• Te kore o ngā paerewa kotahi me te ōritetangaKāore anō kia kotahi te paerewa mahi ā-ao. He rerekē rawa te kounga o te hua i waenga i ngā kaihanga, me te koretake o te piri o te tānga me te pumau o te hanganga, e uaua ai te whakamana i te pumau o te whakaputanga papatipu.
• Me whakapai ake te hanganga hangaruaKo te uaua o te tukanga whakaputa ka nui ake te utu i te pepa paninga PE tuku iho. Hei tāpiri, kāore anō kia tino pakari te tukanga whakarōpū me te tukatuka o ngā pepa para i te nuinga o ngā rohe, nō reira ko tōna painga ki te hangarua ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakapainga pūnaha kia tutuki ai.

Ētahi atu horopaki tono o Pepa Paninga-PE 

Nā ōna āhuatanga pumau, ātete-wai, ātete-hinu, ātete-makuku me te hiri-wera, ka whakamahia te pepa paninga PE ki tua atu i ngā kapu pepa, e kapi ana i te whānuitanga o ngā mara:

1. Ngā ipu ratonga kaiNgā peihana pepa whakakorekore, ngā peihana hupa, ngā peihana huamata, ngā pouaka kai tango, ngā peere heihei parai/pāpaka, ngā pereti pepa me ētahi atu ipu e pā ana ki te kai.
2. Ngā takai kai me ngā puteaNgā takai pēkana, pepa takai pēkana/hanawiti, ngā arai tunu kai, ngā putea pepa ātete hinu, ngā putea tango kai whakakorekore, pepa takai o waho mō te kai tio.
3. Ngā taputapu tautokoNgā taupoki kapu pepa, ngā taupoki peihana, ngā whakaurunga pouaka kai, ngā takai takitahi mō ngā ngongo pepa, ngā pepa takai mō ngā huinga taputapu kai whakakorekore.
4. Te takai ahumahi me te takai o ia rāHe takai ātete-makuku, ātete-waikura hoki mō ngā taputapu me ngā hiko, he paparanga nēhi hauora whakakorekore, he paparanga mata o ngā papa mimi mōkai, he arai urunga ātete-wai mō te tuku tere, he paparanga roto ātete-wai o ngā putea hokohoko pepa.
5. Ngā āhuatanga motuhakeNgā takai ratonga kai whakakorekore mō ngā kamupene rererangi me ngā rerewē tere, ngā takai kai whakakorekore mō ngā whakaaturanga me ngā huihuinga, me ētahi atu.

Hei kaiwhakarato ngaio e tohunga ana ki pepa paninga PE kai-kai, Ka whakaratohia e Paperjoy te whānuitanga katoa o ngā otinga ipu kapu me te karamu mai i te 150gsm ki te 350gsm, e wātea ana i roto i ngā paninga taha-kotahi me te taha-rua. Ka tautokohia e mātou te whānui rīra ritenga me te arotautanga o te āheinga tā, ā, he hototahi katoa ā mātou hua ki ngā mīhini hanga kapu tere-teitei. I runga i te tutuki i ngā paerewa haumaru whakapā kai a te FDA, ā, kei te wātea hoki me te tiwhikete FSC, ka tukuna e ā mātou hua te mahi pumau me te kounga pono hei whakatutuki i ngā tono pepa takai o te tunu kai, te tango kai, te hokohoko me ētahi atu āhuatanga.

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